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Thus, we recognized the need for a large trial that would be designed to overcome the limitations of previous trials and that would compare the effects of three principal dietary macronutrients. The participants were offered group and individual instructional sessions for 2 years. The project staff of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute also participated in the development of the protocol, monitoring of progress, interpretation of results, and critical review of the manuscript. The crucial question is whether overweight people have a better response in the long term to diets that emphasize a specific macronutrient composition. The diets consisted of similar foods and met guidelines for cardiovascular health. Abstract Background The possible advantage for weight loss of a diet that emphasizes protein, fat, or carbohydrates has not been established, and there are few studies that extend beyond 1 year. Participants Our goal was to recruit 800 overweight and obese subjects (400 at each site), of whom about 40% would be men.
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) Full Text of Discussion. The diets improved lipid-related risk factors and fasting insulin levels. Media in This Article Poll Results Contributors Figure 1 Mean Change in Body Weight and Waist Circumference from Baseline to 2 Years According to Dietary Macronutrient Content. Figure 2 Mean Changes in Body Weight and Waist Circumference at Various Time Points. The primary outcome was the change in body weight after 2 years in two-by-two factorial comparisons of low fat versus high fat and average protein versus high protein and in the comparison of highest and lowest carbohydrate content. Conclusions Reduced-calorie diets result in clinically meaningful weight loss regardless of which macronutrients they emphasize. gov number, NCT00072995. Participants had to be 30 to 70 years of age and have a body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 25 to 40. (ClinicalTrials.
